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“BEING AN INFORMED CONSUMER COULD SAVE YOU

Consumers beware… lurking in the shadows are scam artists just waiting for an opportune time to strike. The first step in protecting yourself, according to the Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), is being aware of common fraud schemes. These include telemarketing fraud, Nigerian letter scam, impersonation/identity fraud, and advance fee scheme. “You must Act now” or “You’ve won a ‘free’ vacation or gift, but you have to pay for postage and handling or other charges,” or “You must send money, give a credit card or checking account number” are all warning signs of a telemarketing scheme.

The FBI offers a few tips in avoiding telemarketing fraud:

  • Don’t buy from an unfamiliar company. Keep in mind that legitimate businesses understand that you want more information about their company and are happy to comply. And always check unfamiliar companies with your local consumer protection agency or the Better Business Bureau.
  • Always ask for and wait until you receive written material about any offer or charity. If you get brochures about costly investments, ask someone whose financial advice you trust to review them.
    Before you send money, ask yourself, “What guarantee do I really have that this solicitor will use my money in the manner we agreed upon?”
    Never send money or give out personal information such as credit card numbers and expiration dates, checking account numbers, dates of birth, or social security numbers to unfamiliar companies or unknown persons.
    Nigerian letter frauds combine the threat of impersonation fraud with a variation of an advance fee scheme in which a letter, mailed from Nigeria, offers the recipient the "opportunity" to share in a percentage of millions of dollars that the author, a self-proclaimed government official, is trying to transfer illegally out of Nigeria. While it’s hard to believe people would actually fall for this scheme, they do. And here are some helpful suggestions on how not to get scammed:
  • Be skeptical of individuals representing themselves as Nigerian or foreign government officials asking for your help in placing large sums of money in overseas accounts.
  • Do not believe the promise of large sums of money for your cooperation.
  • Guard your account information carefully.
  • If you or someone you know receives a letter from Nigeria asking you to send personal or account information, do not reply in any manner. Send the letter to the U.S. Secret Service or the FBI.
  • Impersonation fraud occurs when someone assumes your identity to perform a fraud or other criminal act. Criminals can get the information they need to assume your identity from a variety of sources, such as the theft of your wallet, your trash, or from credit or checking account information. They may approach you in person, by telephone, or on the Internet and ask you for the information.

    There unfortunately is no full proof way to prevent identity theft, but you can at least minimize your risk of loss by adhering to a few simple measures: Avoid throwing away ATM receipts, credit statements, credit cards, or credit union statements in a usable form.
    Never give your credit card number over the telephone unless you make the call.
    Reconcile your checking account monthly and notify your credit union of discrepancies immediately.
    Report unauthorized financial transactions to your credit union, credit card company, and the police as soon as you detect them.
    Review a copy of your credit report at least once each year, and notify the credit bureau in writing of any questionable entries and follow through until they are explained or removed.

    An advance fee scheme occurs when the victim pays money to someone in anticipation of receiving something of greater value, such as a loan, contract, investment, or gift, and then receives little or nothing in return. The variety of advance fee schemes is limited only by the imagination of the con artists who offer them. Here’s how not to get hooked: If the offer of an "opportunity" appears too good to be true, it probably is. Just follow common business practice.
    Know whom you are dealing with. If you have not heard of a person or company that you intend to do business with, learn more about them.
    Be wary of businesses that operate out of post office boxes or mail drops and do not have a street address, or of dealing with persons who do not have a direct telephone line, who are never "in" when you call, but always return your call later. “

    What is Phishing?

    Phishing is the act of sending out fake emails and setting up fake websites that imitate legitimate, trusted companies, such as credit unions. The goal is to deceive consumers into giving up personal information by making them think they need to confirm information.

    How to Protect Yourself from Phishing

    1. Never provide your personal information in a response to an unsolicited request. 2. If you believe the contact may be legitimate, contact the financial institution yourself. 3. Never provide your password over the phone or in response to an unsolicited Internet request. 4. Review account statements regularly to ensure all charges are correct.

    The National Check Fraud Center offers consumers the following tips to avoid check fraud: * Make sure your checks are endorsed by your financial institution and incorporate security features that help combat counterfeiting and alteration. * Store your checks, deposit slips, bank statements and canceled checks in a secure and locked location. Never leave your checkbook in your vehicle or in the open. * Reconcile your account statement within 30 days of receipt in order to detect any irregularities. Otherwise, you may become liable for any losses due to check fraud. * Never give your account number to people you do not know, especially over the telephone. Be particularly aware of unsolicited phone sales. Fraud artists can use your account without your authorization and you may end up being responsible. * Unless needed for tax purpose, destroy old canceled checks, account statements, deposit tickets, ATM receipts (they also frequently have your account number and worse yet, your account balance). The personal information on it may help someone impersonate you and take money from your account. * When you receive your check order, make sure all of the checks are there, and that none are missing, and report missing checks to your credit union at once. Should you fail to receive your order by mail, alert your credit union, as checks could have been stolen from mailbox or lost in transient. * If your home is burglarized, check your supply of checks to determine if any have been stolen. Look closely, because thieves will sometimes take only one or two checks from the middle or back of the book. The longer it takes to detect any of your checks have been taken, the more time the criminal has to use them successfully. * Do not mail bills from your mailbox at night because it is a favorite location from which a criminal can gain possession of your check with the intent to defraud you. * Limit the amount of personal information on your check. For example, do not include your Social Security, driver's license or telephone numbers on your check. A criminal can use this information to literally steal your identity by applying for a credit card or loan in your name, or even open a new checking account. * Don't leave blank spaces on the payee and amount lines. * Don't write your credit card number on the check. * Don't make a check payable to cash. If lost or stolen, the check can be cashed by anyone. * Never endorse a check until you are ready to cash or deposit it. The information can be altered if it is lost or stolen.

    If you've been a victim of check fraud, or any other type of fraud such as credit card fraud, auction fraud, Nigerian letter scam, etc., you may file a complaint online, at http://www.ifccfbi.gov/cf1.asp


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